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Italian Christian archaeologist and epigrapher. Born Rome 23. 2. 1822, died Castelgandolfo 20. 9. 1894. Studied philosophy at the Collegio ¶ Romano, taking doctorate in law 1843 at the Sapienza in Rome. Named scriptor at the Vatican Library. 1871–1894 president of the Pontificia Accademia romana di archeologia; from 1878 prefect of the Museo Cristiano in Rome; from 1884 president of the Società dei cultori di archeologia cristiana and secretary of the Pontificia Commissione di archeologia sacra; 1853 member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences, and of the Bavarian Acade…

[English version] Wichtige mansio der via Traiana, wo sie sich mit der via Herculia im Gebiet der Hirpini kreuzt (Itin. Anton. 112,2; andere Namensformen der Itinerarien: Equo tutico, Equum tuticum, Aequum tuticum, Aequo tutico, Equum magnum), h. San Eleuterio bei Ariano Irpino. A. wurde wohl nie zum municipium erhoben, sondern blieb von Beneventum abhängig (vgl. zwei in A. gefundene Grabinschr.: genius coloniae Beneventanae, CIL IX 1418; permissus decurionum coloniae Beneventanae, CIL IX 1419). Buonocore, Marco (Rom)

[English version] Frentanische Küstenstadt ( regio IV Samnium, Plin. nat. 3,106), h. Ortona. Erwähnt im Zusammenhang des byz.-got. Kriegs (535-540 n.Chr.) während der Eroberung des Küstenstreifens durch die Byzantiner (Marcellinus Comes zum J. 538); gegen E. 6. Jh. Bistum. Buonocore, Marco (Rom) Bibliography M.Buonocore, G. Firpo, Fonti latine e greche per la storia dell'Abruzzo antico 1, 1991, 528-537  A.R. Staffa, Ortona, in: EAA2 Suppl. 4, 1996, 133.

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Bundesgenossenkriege Hauptstadt der samnit. Caudini, h. Montesarchio; mansio an der via Appia zw. Capua und Beneventum, evtl. municipium. Grabbeigaben der Nekropole bei Montesarchio lassen auf eine Nutzung vom 8. bis 3.Jh. v.Chr. schließen. Zweimal mit einem Mauerring umgeben, erfolgte der Bau des späteren Ringes, der im SO von C. nachgewiesen ist, evtl. im Zusammenhang mit der nach 31 v.Chr. von Augustus für die Veteranen der legio XXX vorgenommenen renormatio. Buonocore, Marco (Rom) Bibliography G. D'Henry, E…

[English version] Samnit. Volk, Hauptort Caudium (Liv. 23,41,13; Plin. nat. 3,105). Erobert 275 v.Chr. durch L. Cornelius Lentulus, dessen Familie seither das Cognomen “Caudinus” führte. Buonocore, Marco (Rom)

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Coloniae | Theater Unter Berufung auf Plin. nat. 3,107 ( colonia Bovianum vetus et alterum cognomine Undecumanorum), hat man auf die Existenz von zwei B. in Samnium (Samnites) geschlossen: B. Vetus (h. La Piana in Pietrabbondante, vgl. [1]), eine colonia der III viri lege Iulia seit 43 v.Chr.; B. Undecumanorum (h. Bojano), flavische colonia seit 73/75 n.Chr. (Veteranen der legio Claudia, also der undecumani). Gedacht wurde auch an eine einzige Stadt mit geändertem Namen [2-5]. Der Ort war samnitisches sanctuarium. …

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Coloniae Stadt der Caudini in Samnium an der Kreuzung der Verbindungsstraßen zw. Capua, Allifae und Telesia, h. Caiazzo. Evtl. civitas sine suffragio vor 306 v.Chr., war C. nach dem 2. Pun. Krieg civitas foederata, nach dem Bundesgenossenkrieg 89 v.Chr. municipium, tribus Falerna, mit II viri. Nachgewiesen ist ein Bischofssitz nach 967 n.Chr. Buonocore, Marco (Rom) Bibliography G. Chouquer (Hrsg.), Structures agraires en Italie centro-méridionale, Collection de l'Ecole Française de Rome 100, 1987, 150-151  H.…

[English version] Grabungen in den it. Nekropolen (6.-5. Jh. v.Chr.) in Alfedena (Campo Consolino und Valle del Curino) und lat. Inschr. bei Castel di Sangro (Contrada Campitelli und Piano della Zittola) legen es nahe, den samnitischen Ort A. im h. Alfedena, den röm. Ort A. im h. Castel di Sangro anzunehmen. 298 v.Chr. von den Römern erobert (Liv. 10,12,9), erst nach 49 v.Chr. municipium (vgl. die duoviri ); ILS 5896 ( praefecti operi faciundo) ist kein Beleg für die Annahme, daß A. vor dem Bürgerkrieg praefectura gewesen sein könnte. Buonocore, Marco (Rom) Bibliography M. Buonocore, in:…

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Orakel Küstensiedlung der samnitischen Frentani, h. Vasto. Röm. municipium wohl erst nach dem Bundesgenossenkrieg, tribus Arnensis ( quattuorviri; irrig der Liber coloniarum 2, 260, 10f. L.: colonia). Kein autonomes Bistum. Im 6. und 7. Jh. byz. Stützpunkt (Kastron Reunias). Buonocore, Marco (Rom) Bibliography M. Buonocore, H., in: Supplementa Italica 2, 1983, 97-144  A.R. Staffa (Hrsg.), Dall'antica Histonium al Castello del Vasto, 1995  A.R. Staffa, Vasto (H.), in: EAA2 Suppl. 5, 954f.

The Volsci, an Italian people in central Italy. [German version] I. Immigration and first clashes with Rome The V. migrated from the central Appenninus into the south of Latium (Latini) probably towards the end of the 6th cent. BC or the beginning of the 5th. This assumption is confirmed by the relationship between the Volscan and Umbrian dialects; cf. the inscription on the Tabula Veliterna (4th/3rd cent. BC; Vetter, no. 222). The legendary pre-history of the V. we know mainly from Vergil, who introduces the V.…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Coloniae Drawing on Plin. HN 3,107 ( colonia Bovianum vetus et alterum cognomine Undecumanorum), some people had concluded that there existed two B. in Samnium ( Samnites): B. Vetus (now La Piana in Pietrabbondante, cf. [1]), a colonia of the III viri lege Iulia since 43 BC; B. Undecumanorum (now Bojano), Flavian colonia since AD 73/75 (veterans of the legio Claudia, and thus of the undecumani). Others thought there was only one city, which underwent a change in name [2-5]. The place was a Samnite sanctuarium. A settl…

[German version] Important   mansio on the via Traiana at its crossing with the via Herculia in the territory of the  Hirpini (Itin. Anton. 112,2; alternative forms of the name: Equo tutico, Equum tuticum, Aequum tuticum, Aequo tutico, Equum magnum), modern San Eleuterio near Ariano Irpino. Aequum Tuticum (AT) was probably never raised to become a   municipium , but remained dependent on  Beneventum (cf. inscriptions found on two graves in AT: genius coloniae Beneventanae, CIL IX 1418; permissus decurionum coloniae Beneventanae, CIL IX 1419). Buonocore, Marco (Rome)

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars Capital of the Samnite  Caudini, modern Montesarchio; mansio on the via Appia between  Capua and  Beneventum, possibly municipium. Grave gifts, found in the necropolis near Montesarchio, indicate habitation from the 8th to the 3rd cents. BC. C. was twice enclosed by a walled circle; the later ring, established in the south-east of the town, was possibly built in conjunction with the renormatio, which Augustus undertook after 31 BC for the veterans of the legio XXX. Buonocore, Marco (Rome) Bibliography G. D'Henry…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Coloniae Town of the  Caudini in Samnium at the junction of the roads connecting Capua, Allifae and Telesia, modern Caiazzo. Possibly a civitas sine suffragio prior to 306 BC, C. became a civitas foederata after the Second Punic War and, following the Social Wars, in 89 BC a municipium of the tribus Falerna, with II viri. There is documentary evidence of a bishop's seat after AD 967. Buonocore, Marco (Rome) Bibliography G. Chouquer (ed.), Structures agraires en Italie centro-méridionale, Collection de l'Ecole Fra…

[German version] Samnite city (tribal name Kupelternum on Oscan coins), civitas foederata after the Second Punic War, and municipium with IIviri after the Social War. In AD 599 elevated to a bishopric. C. is thought to be c. 2 km north of Alvignano near the churches S. Ferdinando or S. Ferrante. Buonocore, Marco (Rome) Bibliography G. Couquer (ed.), Structures agraires en Italie Centroméridionale (Collection de l'École Française de Rome 100), 1987, 149f. H. Solin, Le iscrizioni antiche di Trebula, Caiatia e C., 1993, 145-173.

[German version] (Οὐηστῖνοι/ Ouēstînoi). Italian people (name possibly Indo-European, cf. e.g. Vesta ) on the eastern slopes of the Appenninus, to the south of the Picentes (Str. 5,4,2), east of the Sabini (Str. 5,2,1; 5,3,1), and north of the Paeligni. From the time of Augustus onwards, their predominantly mountainous and barren territory (hunting, cattle husbandry, cf. Sil. Pun. 8,516 ff.; Plin. HN 11,241; Mart. 13,31) was part of Regio IV (Regio with map). By means of a conjecture in Plin. HN 3,107 (cf. Ptol. 3,1,59: settlements of the V.) [ Trasmontani; Aveiates] after Pennenses, […

[German version] Samnite tribe, capital  Caudium (Liv. 23,41,13; Plin. HN 3,105). Subjugated in 275 BC by L. Cornelius Lentulus, whose family from then on bore the cognomen of ‘Caudinus’. Buonocore, Marco (Rome)

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Oracles Coastal settlement of the Samnite Frentani, modern Vasto. Did probably not become a Roman municipium until after the Social War, tribus Arnensis ( quattuorviri; incorrect in the Liber coloniarum 2, 260, 10f. L.: colonia). No autonomous bishopric. Byzantine base (Kastron Reunias) in the 6th and 7th cents. Buonocore, Marco (Rome) Bibliography M. Buonocore, H., in: Supplementa Italica 2, 1983, 97-144 A. R. Staffa (ed.), Dall'antica Histonium al Castello del Vasto, 1995 A. R. Staffa, Vasto (H.), in: EAA2 Suppl. 5…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Theatre | | Coloniae | Coloniae | Regio, regiones | Rome City of the  Hirpini in Samnium on the confluence of Calore and Sabato, where the via Traiana branches off the via Appia, 11 miles distant from  Caudium. After the defeat of Pyrrhus in 275 BC, the original (Illyrian) name Mal(e)ventum (Liv. 9,27,14) was changed into B. As a colony under Latin law in 268 BC (Liv. 15,13,9; Vell. Pat. 1,14,7), the city was loyal to Rome in the 2nd Punic war (Liv. 22,13,1). There are records of consules, praetores, censores, interreges a…

[German version] Excavations of the Italic  necropoleis (6th to 5th cents. BC) in Alfedena (Campo Consolino and Valle del Curino) and Latin inscriptions in Castel di Sangro (Contrada Campitelli and Piano della Zittola) suggest that the Samnite settlement of A. should be localized in the modern Alfedena, the Roman settlement of the same name in the modern Castel di Sangro. Taken by the Romans in 298 BC (Liv. 10,12,9), A. only became a   municipium after 49 BC (cf. the   duoviri ); ILS 5896 ( praefecti operi faciundo) provides no proof for the assumption that A. might have been a   praefectura …