Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
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Subject: Middle East and Islamic Studies
General Editor: Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University, Washington DC
The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is an encyclopaedic dictionary of qur’ānic terms, concepts, personalities, place names, cultural history and exegesis extended with essays on the most important themes and subjects within qur’ānic studies. The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is the first comprehensive, multivolume reference work on the Qur’ān to appear in a Western language.
Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online includes direct access to 62 Early Printed Western Qur’āns Online and the Electronic Qurʾān Concordance, a unique online finding aid for textual research.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is an encyclopaedic dictionary of qur’ānic terms, concepts, personalities, place names, cultural history and exegesis extended with essays on the most important themes and subjects within qur’ānic studies. The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online is the first comprehensive, multivolume reference work on the Qur’ān to appear in a Western language.
Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān Online includes direct access to 62 Early Printed Western Qur’āns Online and the Electronic Qurʾān Concordance, a unique online finding aid for textual research.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
(-ḥāʾ- - ḍ-ḥ-y)
(312 words)
-ḥāʾ-
aḥmad Names of the Prophet
anā aḥmad bi-lā mīm Names of the Prophet
miḥrāb, pl. maḥārīb Aqṣā Mosque Archaeology and the Qurʾān Art and Architecture and the Qurʾān Calligraphy Geography Mary Material Culture and the Qurʾān Mosque Numismatics Prayer Sacred Precincts Solomon Syria
ḥ-b-b
aḥabba God and his Attributes Love and Affection Rhymed Prose Ritual and the Qurʾān
aḥabbu Love and Affection
maḥabba Love and Affection Trust and Patience
ḥabb Agriculture and Vegetation Earth Geography
ḥabba…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Ḥadīth and the Qurʾān
(12,841 words)
One important genre in Arabic literature comprises the sayings attributed to the Prophet Muḥammad, descriptions of his deeds as well as accounts of events supposed to have occurred during his lifetime. This literary genre is the tradition literature, the ḥadīth, which is a term for the literature as well as for a single tradition. This article is divided into eleven sections: (1) general introduction; (2) traditions about the beginning of the divine revelations and what the Prophet is reported to have experienced while receiving them (see revelation and inspiration ); (3) traditions…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Ḥafṣa
(833 words)
A wife of the prophet Muḥammad and a daughter of the caliph ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb. Ibn Saʿd relates that she was born in Mecca five years before Muḥammad's first revelation (ca. 605 c.e.). Her mother was Zaynab bt. Maẓʿūn. Ḥafṣa emigrated to Medina with her first husband, Khunays b. Ḥudhāfa, of the Sahm, a clan of the Quraysh (q.v.). He is believed to have died shortly after the battle of Badr (q.v.; 2/624) in which he participated (Ibn Saʿd,
Ṭabaqāt, viii, 81), although some say that he was killed during the battle of Uḥud (Ibn Ḥajar,
Iṣāba, vii, 582; see expeditions and battles ). Ibn Qutayba, how…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-d-th - ḥ-f-ẓ)
(679 words)
ḥ-d-th
aḥdatha Hidden and the Hidden Inimitability
iḥdāth Philosophy and the Qurʾān
muḥaddith, pl. muḥaddithūn Anthropomorphism Createdness of the Qurʾān Philosophy and the Qurʾān Scripture and the Qurʾān Ṣūfism and the Qurʾān
muḥdath Contamination Createdness of the Qurʾān Innovation Muʿtazila Philosophy and the Qurʾān Remembrance
muḥdith Philosophy and the Qurʾān Ritual and the Qurʾān
ḥadath Ritual Purity Ritual and the Qurʾān
ḥadīth, pl. ahādīth Aaron Abortion Abrogation Adam an…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-j-b - ḥ-k-m)
(551 words)
ḥ-j-b Trade and Commerce
ḥijāb Barrier Barzakh Clothing Community and Society in the Qurʾān Epigraphy Eschatology Furniture and Furnishings God and his Attributes People of the Heights Prophets and Prophethood Religious Pluralism and the Qurʾān Textual Criticism of the Qurʾān Veil Wives of the Prophet Women and the Qurʾān min warāʾi ḥijāb[in] ʿ_ʾisha bint Abī Bakr Ḥadīth and the Qurʾān ḥijāban mastūran
ḥājib Soothsayer
ḥ-j-j
iḥtajja Politics and the Qurʾān
ḥajj Almsgiving Caravan Cave…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-k-y - ḥ-q-q)
(543 words)
ḥ-k-y
hikāya, pl. ḥikāyat Literature and the Qurʾān Narratives Revelation and Inspiration Speech
ḥ-l-f aḥālif ḥalafa ḥalf ḥallāf ḥalīf, pl. ḥulafāʾ ḥilf, pl. aḥlāf
ḥ-l-l aḥalla istaḥalla muḥill taḥlīl ḥalla ḥalāl ḥill ḥilla
ḥ-l-m ḥalīm ḥilm ḥulm, pl. aḥlām ḥulum ḥālim
ḥ-l-q ḥalq ḥalqa
ḥ-l-w/ḥ-l-y ḥilya ḥulwān ḥulī
ḥ-m-d maḥmūd muḥammad taḥmīd ḥamada ḥamd ḥāmidūn
ḥ-m-ʾ ḥamaʾ, pl. ḥamaʾāt ḥamāʾ
ḥ-m-d-l
ḥamdala Praise Prayer For…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-r-b - ḥ-s-b)
(590 words)
ḥ-r-b
muḥāribūn Rebellion
ḥaraba Expeditions and Battles
ḥāraba Expeditions and Battles Fighting
ḥ-r-d
taḥrīd Taxation
ḥ-r-f
taḥrīf Chronology and the Qurʾān Forgery Gospel Jews and Judaism Pit Polemic and Polemical Language Pre-1800 Preoccupations of Qurʾānic Studies Revision and Alteration Shīʿism and the Qurʾān Torah taḥrīf al-maʿānī taḥrīf al-naṣṣ taḥrīf wa-qarmaṭa Ṣūfism and the Qurʾān
taḥrīfāt Ḥadīth and the Qurʾān
ḥarf, pl. ḥurūf, aḥrūf Chronology and the Qurʾān Everyday L…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-s-d - ḥ-y-s)
(437 words)
ḥ-s-d
ḥasad Envy Eyes
ḥasada Envy
ḥāsid Envy
ḥ-s-n
aḥsan Exegesis of the Qurʾān: Classical and Medieval God and his Attributes
aḥsana Beauty Ethics and the Qurʾān Paradise alladhī aḥsana aḥsana ṣuwwarakum lilladhīna aḥsanū
istiḥsān Law and the Qurʾān Modesty Politics and the Qurʾān
iḥsān Belief and Unbelief Chastity Ethics and the Qurʾān Honor Justice and Injustice Oaths Piety Virtues and Vices, Commanding and Forbidding bi-l-wālidayni iḥsānan
iḥtisān Justice and Injusti…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
(-ḥāʾ- - ḥ-y-y - ḥarb)
(466 words)
ḥ-y-y
aḥyā Cain and Abel Cosmology Crucifixion Laughter Martyrs Resurrection Word of God
istaḥyā Modesty
istiḥyāʾ Modesty
muḥyī Resurrection
ḥayawān Animal Life Paradise
ḥayy Adam and Eve Death and the Dead God and his Attributes Kinship Life Pairs and Pairing Popular and Talismanic Uses of the Qurʾān Tribes and Clans ḥayy al-qayyūm
ḥayya, pl. ḥayyāt Animal Life
ḥayāt[ḥayāh] Angel Boast Community and Society in the Qurʾān Grammar and the Qurʾān Life Nature as Signs …
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Ḥalāl
(8 words)
see lawful and unlawful; prohibited degrees Bibliography
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Hāmān
(650 words)
The chief minister of Pharaoh (q.v.) who with him rejected Moses' (q.v.) call to worship the true God and to set free the children of Israel (q.v.). In the Qurʾān, there are six attestations of his name. In q 28:6 he is mentioned alongside Pharaoh. They both have armies, and share guilt in the slaughter of the sons of the Israelites. God declares that they will be overthrown by the people they so oppress, who will then be heirs to their power and wealth (q.v.; q 28:4-5). There is thus an irony in the fact that when Pharaoh's household took the infant Moses from the river — an in…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Hāmān [Supplement 2017]
(617 words)
Hāmān was the chief minister of Pharaoh who, together with the latter, rejected Moses’ calls to worship the true God and to free the Children of Israel. In the Qurʾān, there are six attestations of his name. In Q 28:6 he is mentioned alongside Pharaoh. They both have armies, and share guilt in the slaughter of the sons of the Israelites. God declares that they will be overthrown by the people they so oppress, who will then be heirs to their power and wealth (Q 28:4-5). There is thus an irony in the fact that when Pharaoh’s household took the infant Moses from the river — an in…
Source:
Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Date:
2017-08-31
Ḥamza b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib
(728 words)
Paternal uncle of the Prophet (half-brother of the Prophet's father), as well as his foster brother (Muslim,
Ṣaḥīḥ, K. al-Riḍāʿ, 14; Ṭabarī,
Taʾrīkh, i, 970; id.
History, v, 172; see fosterage ). One of the great heroes of the earliest period of Islam. Ḥamza appears to have had a close relationship with the Prophet; he accompanied him when he went to ask Khadīja's (q.v.) father for her hand and, apparently out of solidarity with his foster brother, gave Abū Jahl a serious beating when the latter had gravely abused the Prophet. On this occasion, Ḥamza announced his adheren…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Hand(s)
(862 words)
The terminal part of the arm; also, figuratively, control or agency. The hand, in both its literal and symbolic senses, is most often expressed in the Qurʾān by the Arabic
yad (dual
yadān, pl.
aydī), with some 119 occurrences, found in all chronological periods of revelation (see chronology and the qurʾān ). (The expression
bayna yaday, “between two hands,” as in q 36:12 [cf. 36:45,
bayna aydīkum, “between your (pl.) hands”], means “before, in front of, in the presence of.”) Another term,
kaff, is encountered only twice, with reference to one who futilely stretches out his ha…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Ḥanīf
(1,053 words)
A believer who is neither a polytheist
( mushrik) nor a Jew or a Christian (see polytheism and atheism; jews and judaism; christians and christianity). The Arabic root
ḥ-n-f initially means “to incline,” so that
ḥanīf (pl.
ḥunafāʾ) is most probably understood in the Qurʾān as one who has abandoned the prevailing religions and has inclined to a religion of his own. It occurs once as a synonym of
muslim ( q 3:67) and also in juxtaposition with the verb
aslama ( q 4:125). The qurʾānic prototype of the ideal
ḥanīf is Abraham (q.v.; q 3:67; 16:120), and being a
ḥanīf signifies belonging to the “rel…
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
Ḥarām
(9 words)
see forbidden; lawful and unlawful; prohibited degrees Bibliography
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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān